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2025

We are excited to share our latest publication in Scientific Reports (Q1), a Nature Portfolio journal by Patrice Koudoum our former postgraduate research assistant.

This work is especially meaningful to me as it stems from my first Master’s research in Biological Sciences at the Université De Dschang.

Our study focused on tracking antibiotic-resistant Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae in two hospitals in Yaoundé.

Behind this publication are countless hours of sampling, analysis and reflection, all driven by the desire to better understand resistant bacterial transmission and ultimately improve patient outcomes.

🔍 Key findings:

Hospitalized patients in Cameroonian hospitals are acquiring resistant bacteria from the hospital environment.

These bacteria can be disseminated into surrounding communities through untreated or insufficiently treated hospital wastewater.

Neonates with severe infections were found to carry similar resistant bacteria, indicating likely acquisition from the hospital environment.

So far, this work has been presented at three conferences and has received three awards — one for Best Oral Presentation and two Young Researcher Awards

 

  1. Neonatal sepsis in Cameroon: A call for a national registry and surveillance to bridge data and action gapsNew Microbes and New Infections

    2025-12 | Journal article | Author

    DOI: 10.1016/j.nmni.2025.101669

    Contributors: Luria L. Founou; Raspail C. Founou

     

  2. Enable, empower, succeed: a bioinformatics workshop Harnessing open web-based tools for surveillance of bacterial antimicrobial resistanceBMC Microbiology

    2025-03-19 | Journal article

    DOI: 10.1186/s12866-025-03865-0

    Contributors: Luria Leslie Founou; Opeyemi U. Lawal; Armando Djiyou; Erkison Ewomazino Odih; Daniel Gyamfi Amoako; Stephane Fadanka; Mabel Kamweli Aworh; Sindiswa Lukhele; Dusanka Nikolic; Alice Matimba et al.

     

  3. High prevalence of multidrug resistant and extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from urinary tract infections in the West region, CameroonBMC Infectious Diseases

    2025-01-24 | Journal article | Author

    DOI: 10.1186/s12879-025-10483-8

    Contributors: Solomon Bayaba; Raspail Carrel Founou; Flaurant Thibau Tchouangueu; Brice Davy Dimani; Lethicia Danaëlle Mafo; Omer Aurelle Nkengkana; Luria Leslie Founou; Michel Noubom

2024

  1. Multi-drug resistant (MDR) and extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) producing Escherichia coli isolated from slaughtered pigs and slaughterhouse workers in Yaoundé, Cameroon

    One Health

    2024-12 | Journal article

    DOI: 10.1016/j.onehlt.2024.100885

    Part of ISSN: 2352-7714

    Contributors: Moise Matakone; Raspail Carrel Founou; Luria Leslie Founou; Brice Davy Dimani; Patrice Landry Koudoum; Marie Christine Fonkoua; Yap Boum-II; Hortense Gonsu; Michel Noubom

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    Dr Luria Leslie Founou via Crossref Metadata Search

  2. High prevalence and genetic diversity of multidrug-resistant and extended-spectrum ß-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae in mothers and neonates in a Cameroonian labor ward

    American Journal of Infection Control

    2024-11 | Journal article | Author

    DOI: 10.1016/j.ajic.2024.06.002

    SOURCE-WORK-ID: db531966-33c4-41f1-b798-e61acf4ed8d2

    PMID: 38876168

    EID: 2-s2.0-85198358896

    Contributors: Axelle Njeuna; Luria Leslie Founou; Raspail Carrel Founou; Patrice Landry Koudoum; Aurelia Mbossi; Ariel Blocker; Stephen D Bentley; Lucien Etame Sone

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    University of St Andrews CRIS

    Preferred source (of 2)‎

  3. Occurrence of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) and carbapenemase-producing Escherichia coli isolated from childhood diarrhoea in Yaoundé, Cameroon

    BMC Microbiology

    2024-10-10 | Journal article | Author

    DOI: 10.1186/s12866-024-03559-z

    SOURCE-WORK-ID: 48a75e3d-72cf-49c4-9fa0-b7e9454632e6

    EID: 2-s2.0-85205945117

    PMID: 39385062

    Contributors: Saleh Mahamat; Raspail Carrel Founou; Luria Leslie Founou; Thibau Flaurant Tchouangueu; Brice Davy Dimani; Omer Aurelle Nkengkana; Lethicia Danaëlle Mafo; David Chelo; Marie Christine Fonkoua; Yap Boum-II et al.

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    University of St Andrews CRIS

  4. Genome analysis of multidrug resistant Enterococcus faecium and Enterococcus faecalis circulating among hospitalized patients in uMgungundlovu District, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa

    BMC Infectious Diseases

    2024-07-04 | Journal article

    DOI: 10.1186/s12879-024-09380-3

    Part of ISSN: 1471-2334

    Contributors: Raspail Carrel Founou; Luria Leslie Founou; Mushal Allam; Arshad Ismail; Sabiha Yusuf Essack

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    Dr Luria Leslie Founou via Crossref Metadata Search

2023

  1. Founou, L. L., Khan, U. B., Medugu, N., Pinto, T. C. A., Darboe, S., Chendi, Z., Founou, R. C., To, K. N., Jamrozy, D., Karampatsas, K., Carr, V. R., Pepper, K., Dangor, Z., Ip, M., Le Doare, K., & Bentley, S. D. (2023). Molecular epidemiology of Streptococcus agalactiae in non-pregnant populations: a systematic review. Microbial genomics, 9(11), 10.1099/mgen.0.001140. https://doi.org/10.1099/mgen.0.001140
  2. Megan E Carey, Zoe A Dyson, Danielle J Ingle, Afreenish Amir, Mabel K Aworh, Marie Anne Chattaway, Ka Lip Chew, John A Crump, Nicholas A Feasey, Benjamin P Howden, Karen H Keddy, Mailis Maes, Christopher M Parry, Sandra Van Puyvelde, Hattie E Webb, Ayorinde Oluwatobiloba Afolayan, Anna P Alexander, Shalini Anandan, Jason R Andrews, Philip M Ashton, Buddha Basnyat, Ashish Bavdekar, Isaac I Bogoch, John D Clemens, Kesia Esther da Silva, Anuradha De, Joep de Ligt, Paula Lucia Diaz Guevara, Christiane Dolecek, Shanta Dutta, Marthie M Ehlers, Louise Francois Watkins, Denise O Garrett, Gauri Godbole, Melita A Gordon, Andrew R Greenhill, Chelsey Griffin, Madhu Gupta, Rene S Hendriksen, Robert S Heyderman, Yogesh Hooda, Juan Carlos Hormazabal, Odion O Ikhimiukor, Junaid Iqbal, Jobin John Jacob, Claire Jenkins, Dasaratha Ramaiah Jinka, Jacob John, Gagandeep Kang, Abdoulie Kanteh, Arti Kapil, Abhilasha Karkey, Samuel Kariuki, Robert A Kingsley, Roshine Mary Koshy, AC Lauer, Myron M Levine, Ravikumar Kadahalli Lingegowda, Stephen P Luby, Grant Austin Mackenzie, Tapfumanei Mashe, Chisomo Msefula, Ankur Mutreja, Geetha Nagaraj, Savitha Nagaraj, Satheesh Nair, Take K Naseri, Susana Nimarota-Brown, Elisabeth Njamkepo, Iruka N Okeke, Sulochana Putli Bai Perumal, Andrew J Pollard, Agila Kumari Pragasam, Firdausi Qadri, Farah N Qamar, Sadia Isfat Ara Rahman, Savitra Devi Rambocus, David A Rasko, Pallab Ray, Roy Robins-Browne, Temsunaro Rongsen-Chandola, Jean Pierre Rutanga, Samir K Saha, Senjuti Saha, Karnika Saigal, Mohammad Saiful Islam Sajib, Jessica C Seidman, Jivan Shakya, Varun Shamanna, Jayanthi Shastri, Rajeev Shrestha, Sonia Sia, Michael J Sikorski, Ashita Singh, Anthony M Smith, Kaitlin A Tagg, Dipesh Tamrakar, Arif Mohammed Tanmoy, Maria Thomas, Mathew S Thomas, Robert Thomsen, Nicholas R Thomson, Siaosi Tupua, Krista Vaidya, Mary Valcanis, Balaji Veeraraghavan, François-Xavier Weill, Jackie Wright, Gordon Dougan, Silvia Argimón, Jacqueline A Keane, David M Aanensen, Stephen Baker, Kathryn E Holt, Global Typhoid Genomics Consortium Group Authorship (2023) Global diversity and antimicrobial resistance of typhoid fever pathogens: Insights from a meta-analysis of 13,000 Salmonella Typhi genomes eLife 12:e85867. https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.85867
  3. Nkengkana, O.A., Founou, R.C., Founou, L.L.et al. Phenotypic and genotypic characterization of multidrug resistant and extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacterales isolated from clinical samples in the western region in Cameroon. BMC Infect Dis 23, 819 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-023-08742-7
  4. Founou LL, Yamba K, Kouamou V, Asare Yeboah EE, Saidy B, Jawara LA, et al. 2023. African women in science and development, bridging the gender gap. World Development Perspectives 2023 Vol. 31 Pages 100528. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wdp.2023.100528
  5. Djuikoue, C. I., Yamdeu Djonkouh, W., Epie Bekolo, C., Kamga Wouambo, R., Carrel Founou, R., Djouela Djoulako, P. D., Tonfak Temgoua, G., Pokam, B. D. T., Antoine-Moussiaux, N., & Apalata, T. R. (2023). Prevalence and Antibiotic Resistance Pattern of Streptococcus, Staphylococcus, Neisseria meningitidisand Enterobacteriaceae in Two Reference Hospitals of Yaoundé: An Overview before and during COVID-19 Pandemic Era. Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland), 12(5), 929. https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics12050929
  6. Dimani BD, Founou RC, Zemtsa JR, Mbossi A, Koudoum PL, Founou LL, Kouanfack C, Etame SL. 2023. Faecal Carriage of Multidrug-Resistant and Extended-Spectrum β-lactamase Producing Enterobacterales in People Living with HIV in Yaoundé, Cameroon. J Global Antimicrob Resist, 35, 26-34. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jgar.2023.07.02
  7. Tayimetha, C. Y., Njunda, L. A., Akenji, B., Founou, R. C., Feteh, V., Zofou, D., Chafa, A., Oyono, Y., Etogo, B., Tseuko, D., Fonkoua, M. C., & Harrison, O. B. (2023). Phenotypic and genotypic characterization of Neisseria gonorrhoeaeisolates from Yaoundé, Cameroon, 2019 to 2020. Microbial genomics, 9(8), mgen001091. https://doi.org/10.1099/mgen.0.001091
  8. Mafo Kamga, L.D.; Founou, R.C.; Noubom, M.; Dimani, B.D.; Zemtsa, J.R.; Koudoum, P.L.; Mbossi, A.D.; Tchouangueu, T.F.; Noukeu, D.; Founou, L.L.; Gatsing, D. Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli Isolated From Children Under 5 Years With and Without Diarrhoea in Two Hospitals in Dschang, Cameroon. Preprints 2023, 2023050068. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202305.0068.v1
  9. Keddy K & Founou LL. 2023. The long view of vaccination to secure the future. Lancet Global Health, 11(6):e807-e808. doi: 10.1016/S2214-109X(23)00067-0

  10. Faecal carriage of multidrug-resistant and extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacterales in people living with HIV in Yaoundé, Cameroon

    Journal of Global Antimicrobial Resistance

    2023-12-01 | Journal article | Author

    DOI: 10.1016/j.jgar.2023.07.021

    Contributors: Brice Davy Dimani; Raspail Carrel Founou; Jessica Ravalona Zemtsa; Aurélia Mbossi; Patrice Landry Koudoum; Luria Leslie Founou; Charles Kouanfack; Lucien Honoré Etame Sone

  11. Molecular epidemiology of Streptococcus agalactiae in non-pregnant populations

    Microbial Genomics

    2023-11-29 | Journal article | Author

    DOI: 10.1099/mgen.0.001140

    Contributors: Luria Leslie Founou; Uzma Basit Khan; Nubwa Medugu; Tatiana C A Pinto; Saffiatou Darboe; Zhu Chendi; Raspail Carrel Founou; Ka-Ning To; Dorota Jamrozy; Konstantinos Karampatsas et al.

  12. Phenotypic and genotypic characterization of multidrug resistant and extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacterales isolated from clinical samples in the western region in Cameroon

    BMC Infectious Diseases

    2023-11-22 | Journal article | Author

    DOI: 10.1186/s12879-023-08742-7

    Contributors: Omer Aurelle Nkengkana; Raspail Carrel Founou; Luria Leslie Founou; Brice Davy Dimani; Patrice Landry Koudoum; Jessica Ravalona Zemtsa; Aurelia Mbossi; Cyrielle Signe Mawout; Larissa Tchakounte Tegang; Michel Noubom

  13. African women in science and development, bridging the gender gap

    World Development Perspectives

    2023-09-01 | Journal article | Author

    DOI: 10.1016/j.wdp.2023.100528

    Contributors: Luria Leslie Founou; Kaunda Yamba; Vinie Kouamou; Esther Eyram Asare Yeboah; Binta Saidy; Lalia A. Jawara; Haddy Bah; Bissoume Sambe Ba; Mabel Kamweli Aworh; Saffiatou Darboe

    The long view of vaccination to secure the future

    The Lancet Global Health

    2023-06-01 | Other | Author

    DOI: 10.1016/S2214-109X(23)00067-0

    Contributors: Karen H. Keddy; Luria L. Founou

2022

  1. Zemtsa RJ, Michel Noubom, Founou LL, Dimani BD, Koudoum PL, Mbossi AD, Kouanfack C, Founou RC. 2022. Multidrug-Resistant and Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase (ESBL)-Producing Enterobacterales Isolated from Carriage Samples among HIV Infected Women in Yaoundé, Cameroon. Pathogens, 11(5):504. doi https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens11050504
  2. Founou LL, Founou, R. C., Allam, M., Ismail, A., & Essack, S. Y. (2022). Genome Analysis of ESBL-Producing Escherichia coli Isolated from Pigs. Pathogens, 11(7), 776. https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens11070776

2021

  1. Founou RC, Blocker AJ, Noubom M, Tsayem C, Choukem SP, Van Dongen M, Founou LL. 2021. COVID-19 Pandemic: A Threat to Antimicrobial Resistance Containment. Future Sci. OA., 7(8): FSO736
  2. Founou LL, Founou RC, Essack SY. 2021.  Antimicrobial Resistance in the Food Chain: More than a Food Safety Issue. Future Sci. OA. Accepted, In Press.
  3. Foloum AK, Founou LL, Karang S, Maled Y, Tsayem C, Kuete M, Noubom M, Founou RC. 2021. Methicillin Resistant Staphylococci (MRS) isolated in Clinical Samples: A Three-Years Retrospective Study Analysis. Future Sci. OA.doi: 7196/SAMJ.2020.v110i10.15182.
  4. Founou RC, Founou LL, Allam M, Ismail A, Essack SY. 2021. Enterococcus Faecalis ST21 harbouring Tn 6009 Isolated from Carriage Sample in South Africa. S Afr Med J. 111 (2): 98-99.

2020

  1. Founou LL, Founou RC, Allam M, Ismail A, Essack SY. 2020. Extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli (ExPEC) ST221 Isolated in the Microbiome of Swine in South Africa. S Afr Med J, 111 (1): 5-6. doi:7196/SAMJ.2020.v111i1.15453.
  2. Founou RC, Founou LL, Allam M, Ismail A, Essack SY. 2020. Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus haemolyticus ST25 Isolated from Carriage Samples in uMgungundlovu District, South Africa. S Afr Med J, 110(10):959-960.doi: 10.7196/SAMJ.2020.v110i10.15182.
  3. Founou RC, Founou LL, Allam M, Ismail A, Essack SY. First Report of a Clinical Multi-Drug Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa ST532 Isolate Harbouring Ciprofloxacin-Modifying Enzyme (CrpP) in South Africa. J Global Antimicrob Resist, (22) :145-146. doi: 10.1016/j.jgar.2020.05.012.
  4. Founou RC, Founou LL, Allam M, Essack SY. 2020. Draft genome sequence of a clinical Acinetobacter haemolyticus isolate from South Africa. J Global Antimicrob Resist, 20: 16-17.

2019

  1. Founou LL, Founou RC, Allam M, Ismail A, Essack SY. Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from an abattoir worker in Cameroon, S Afr Med J, 109(11):820-821. doi:10.7196/SAMJ.2019.v109i11.14378.
  2. Founou RC, Founou LL, Allam M, Ismail A, Essack SY. 2019. Whole Genome Sequencing of Extended Spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae Isolated from Hospitalized Patients in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Sci Rep, 9(1): 6266. doi 1038/s41598-019-42672-2.
  3. Founou LL, Founou RC, Ntshobeni N, Govinden U, Bester LA, Chenia HY, Djoko CF, Essack SY. 2019. “Emergence and Spread of Extended Spectrum beta-Lactamase Producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-PE) in Pigs and Exposed Workers: A Multicentre Comparative Study between Cameroon and South Africa.” Pathogens 8(1). doi 3390/pathogens8010010.
  4. Founou LL, Founou RC, Allam M, Ismail A, Djoko CF, Essack SY. 2019. Genome analysis of methicillin‐ resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolated from pigs: Detection of the clonal lineage ST398 in Cameroon and South Africa. Zoonoses Public Health. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/zph.12586

2018

  1. Founou RC, Founou LL, Essack SY. 2018. Extended spectrum beta-lactamase mediated resistance in carriage and clinical gram-negative ESKAPE bacteria: a comparative study between a district and tertiary hospital in South Africa. Antimicrob Resist Infect Control, 7(1): 134.doi 1186/s13756-018-0423-0.
  2. Founou RC, Founou LL, Allam M, Ismail A, Essack SY. Genomic characterisation of Klebsiella michiganensis co-producing OXA-181 and NDM-1 carbapenemases isolated from a cancer patient in uMgungundlovu District, KwaZulu-Natal Province, South Africa. S Afr Med J, 109(1): 7-8.
  3. Founou LL, Founou RC, Allam M, Ismail A, Essack SY. Genome Sequencing of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase (ESBL)-Producing Klebsiella pneumoniae Isolated from Pigs and Abattoir Workers in Cameroon. Front Microbiol, 9(188). doi 10.3389/fmicb.2018.00188.
  4. Founou LL, Founou RC, Essack SY, Djoko CF. 2018. Mannitol-fermenting methicillin-resistant staphylococci (MRS) in pig abattoirs in Cameroon and South Africa: A serious food safety threat. Int J Food Microbiol, 285: 50-60. doi 1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2018.07.006.
  5. Founou LL, Amoako D, Founou RC, Essack SY. 2018. Antibiotic Resistance in Food Animals in Africa: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Microb Drug Resist, doi: 10.1089/mdr.2017.0383.
  6. Founou LL, Founou RC, Allam M, Ismail A, Essack SY. 2018. Draft genome sequences of extended spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacter aerogenes isolated from swine and human. J Global Antimicrob Resist, 14:70-71, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jgar.2018.06.006.
  7. Founou LL, Founou RC, Allam M, Ismail A, Essack SY. 2018. Draft Genome Sequence of an Extended Spectrum β-Lactamase (CTX-M-15) producing Escherichia coli ST10 Isolated from a Nasal Sample of an Abattoir Worker in Cameroon. J Global Antimicrob Resist, 14:68-69; doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jgar.2018.06.004.
  8. Founou LL, Founou RC, Allam M, Ismail A, Essack SY. 2018. Extended Spectrum β-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli Harbouring mcr-1 Gene Isolated from Pigs in South Africa. S Afr Med J, 108(10):796-797. doi:10.7196/SAMJ.2018.v108i10.13508.
  9. Founou LL, Founou RC, Allam M, Ismail A, Essack SY. 2018. Draft genome sequence of a methicillin resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis isolate from swine. J Glob Antimicrob Resist, 15, 250-251. doi:10.1016/j.jgar.2018.10.016.
  10. Founou RC, Founou LL, Allam M, Ismail A, Essack SY. 2018. Genomic characterisation of Staphylococcus aureus ST121 isolated from hospitalised patients in South Africa. S Afr Med J, 108(12), 1007-1008. doi:10.7196/SAMJ.2018.v108i12.13713

2017

  1. Founou RC, Founou LL, Essack SY. 2017. Clinical and economic impact of antibiotic resistance in developing countries: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Plos One, 12(12). doi 10.1371/journal.pone.0189621.

2016

  1. Founou LL, Founou RC, Essack SY. 2016. Antibiotic Resistance in the Food Chain: A Developing Country-Perspective. Front. Microbiol, 7: 1881. doi 10.3389/fmicb.2016.01881.
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